It is one of admixture out of remaining admixture like stone dust, fly ash, rice husk, polymers, portland cement, lime and ionic stabilizers. So it is planned to do shear strength test on al l kin d of sh ear strength testing instruments and the test results are compared. Effect of hdpe plastic on the unconfined compressive strength. The unconfined compressive strength q u is the load per unit area at which the cylindrical specimen of a cohesive soil falls in compression. The study involves the determination of unconfined compressive strength. Chanuhan rajiv and et al 2009 has studies the strength improvement of soil treated with lime and flyash mix for durability criteria. These tests are to be conducted at both nonstabilized and stabilized states by adding 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and. Unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil treated with various percentage of geopolymer for 7days. The unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil indicated significant increase in strength on addition of hdpe plastic waste. Introduction black cotton soil mostly found in africa and asia are considered as shrinks and swells soils. Effect of hdpe plastic on the unconfined compressive strength of. A series of compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted to.
Aishwaryalakshmi assistant professor, department of civil engineering, saveetha engineering college, thanadalam, chennai, tamil nadu vishweshwaran m assistant professor, school of civil engineering. D653 terminology relating to soil, rock, and contained fluids. Stabilization of expansive soils by using corncob ash. Increase in ucs by adding hdpe occured with increase in maximum dry unit weight at lesser omc. Some of the properties which are improved are cbr value, shear strength, liquidity index, plasticity index, unconfined compressive strength ucs and bearing capacity, etc. Unconfined compressive strength improved in black cotton soil after adding 20% quarry dust and granite waste. From this study conducted with varying percentages of lime content it has been shown that at very low lime contents, sufficient strength can be achieved for a soil reactive fly ash mixture. It has low shear strength, high swelling, shrinkage and compressibility characteristics. Department of civil engineering, kaduna polytechnics, kaduna.
The unconfined compression strength increases from 90. Reliability of estimates of strength characteristic values from laboratory results for specimens compacted at the energy levels of british standard light bsl, west african standard was and british standard heavy bsh for compacted bagasse ash. Unconfined compression strength of the soil q u shear strength of the soil q u 2 sensitivity q u for undisturbed sample q u for remoulded sample. Finally, the sample is oven dried to determine its water content. The study, conducted at constant percentage content of lime on the unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil, with varying. Mainly ucs and other properties of soil were calculated. It was concluded that with the addition of admixtures, the unconfined compressive strength of the black cotton soil. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fly ash in stabilization of black cotton soil. Comparative study of black cotton soil stabilization with. Effect of curing time on strength development in black. Prediction of strength development in black cotton soil. Pdf flexural strength prediction models for soil cement.
Active standard astm d2166 d2166m developed by subcommittee. Influence of lime sludge and sodium salts on the strength and. For the waste added, the maximum strength obtained at 4. From figure 3 to figure 5, graphs are plotted for different percentage dosage of geopolymer cured for 7, 15, 28 days for curing. The maximum unconfined compressive strength is obtained at 05% ba with 95% of black cotton soil is 0. This type of soil has excessive expansive and shrinkage characteristics which make it undesirable for use as subgrade in highway construction. From fig 4, it can be shows that variation of unconfined compression strength with curing period for black cotton soil samples with different percentage of fly ash under unsoaked condition. Plasticity, compaction, and unconfined compressive. The study, conducted at constant percentage content of lime on the unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil, with varying percentages of neyveli fly ash and vijayawada fly ash with and without curing, has shown that the effect of fly ash is mainly through pozzolanic reactivity and the silty character of fly ash.
Soil stabilization aims at increasing or maintaining the stability of soil mass and chemical alteration of soils to enhance their engineering properties. Experimental study on strength behaviour of kuttanad soil. Reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil stabilized with cement and quarry dust john engbonye sani, dayo oluwatoyin akanbi, godwin lazhi yisa and hadiza ibrahim hamidu 192 cotton soil as a subbase material for road pavement at all coefficient of variation cov. To conduct the cbr test on the fiber combination giving best ucs unconfined compression strength to determine the suitability of the best fiber reinforcement. It is observed that there is a significant increase in unconfined compressive strength due to the inclusion of bamboo fiber in black cotton soil treated with optimum percentage flyash. A study on strength properties of expansive soil treated. Initially ucs of stabilized soils using both the stabilizers increased but with the increase in days of curing. Structures sitting on expansive soils black cotton soil suffers from both structurally and nonstructurally damages due to the alternate expansion. Evaluation of engineering properties of black cotton soil. Unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil treated with 4 layers maximum of fish net fibers content have shown an increase in the strength by 356.
The bond strength and friction at the interface may be the. The results show that the addition of ca to the soil. Effect of fly ash on the unconfined compressive strength. Effect of sea shell powder on the unconfined compressive. This is an expansive soil with a liquid limit of 80. Reliability estimates of unconfined compressive strength values from laboratory results for specimens compacted at british standard light bslfor compacted quarry dust treated black cotton soil using cement for road sub base material was developed by incorporating data obtained from unconfined compressive strength ucs test gotten from the laboratory test to produce a. The maximum load was converted to the unconfined compression strength of the sample. Keywordseggshell powder, gum arabic, california bearing ratio, compaction, unconfined compressive strength 1. Reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength of. The strength improved with respect to the percentage of plastic present in the test specimen. The unconfined compressive strength of the black cotton soil increased upon addition of hdpe plastic waste. The unconfined compressive strength of the black cotton soil increases by adding the soil with sea shells powder.
Experimental investigation the materials used for the tests include the black cotton soil and terrazyme bioenzyme. On the other hand, an increase in pva content led to a reduction of free. Unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil treated with various percentage of geopolymer. Optimum ccr dosage was obtained from atterberg limits, ph and unconfined compressive strength tests. Results showed that the strength of the compacted soil samples increased with curing time and that the maximum unconfined compressive strength was reached for the soil samples with 5% gypsum.
The geology and geotechnical properties of the black. Undrained shear strength of the ccrtreated soil was measured in this work. This paper was based on study of behavior of black cotton soil using bagasse ash and additives as stabilizing agent. Polypropylene fibers of 12 mm size with varying fibre content f 0%, 0. Need and scope of the experiment iitk indian institute. Unconfined compressive strength test on black cotton soil treated with optimum coir fiber content of 0. Evaluation of cohesive soil mixed with fly ash and. D698 test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using standard effort 12 400 ftlbfft3 600 knmm3 d2166 test method for unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. The rapid industrialization has resulted in generation of large quantities of wastes. Materials and methods black cotton soil was collected from gulbarga, in karnataka state.
The unconfined strength of black cotton soil is 256kn m. An experimental study on stabilization of black cotton soil by using quarry dust and lime mixture. As costs of waste disposal, transport and materials procurement continue to increase, the use of ground improvement techniques to prepare problematic soils for construction has become much more popular. Determine unconfined compressive strength of cohesive soil. Studies on the use of fish net fibers for stabilization of. Sensitivity q u for undisturbed sample q u for remoulded sample general remarks. Rice husk ash to improve the performance of black cotton soil. The maximum load per unit area is defined as the unconfined compressive strength, qu. Bagasse ash treated black cotton soil d use on cement kiln dust as an activator recorded great improvement in terms of strength gain bello, 2014. Influence of fly ash, groundgranulated blast furnace slag.
Minimum three samples should be tested, correlation can be made between unconfined strength and field spt value n. Increase in unconfined compressive strength after 4 weeks of curing was reported as 246 to 404%. Effects of acids on geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. This study focuses on the use of calcium carbide residue ccr together with black cotton soil bcs to produce a stabilised material.
Sonawane and others published improving the unconfined compression strength of black cotton soil by. Triaxial tests were then conducted on the treated samples to study the. Effect of curing time on strength development in black cotton. Where p axial load at failure, a corrected area, where is the initial area of the specimen, axial strain change in lengthoriginal length. Laboratory study on cbr value of black cotton soil treated with crushed coconut shells 15 laboratory study on cbr value of black cotton soil treated with crushed coconut shells. Experimental investigation on stabilization of black cotton. Literature view anil kumar singhai 1 et al, suggested that this study evaluates the effect of fly ash and rice husk ash to improve the performance of black cotton soil. From the immediate compaction and unconfined compressive strength test up to 30 days of curing, it was observed that black cotton. The ucs was obtained for 17 different soils each of them was prepared. The test results reveals that the strength of bioenzyme treated black cotton soil is significantly increased and enzymes are effective for stabilization of expansive soils. Table 1 shows the geotechnical properties of this soil. The admixture sea shell powder is added with an increment.
Mineralogy and physical properties of the test materials. Strength and f o s performance of black cotton soil treated with. Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength. An experimental study on stabilization of black cotton. Stabilization of black cotton soil using waste material. The black cotton soil obtained from the field was tested in the laboratory for unconfined compressive strength. Improving the unconfined compression strength of black cotton soil. Effect of random inclusion of sisal fibre on strength.
After performing all the necessary tests on the black cotton soil for unconfined compressive strength, the following observations were made. Results presented show low strength characteristics. Pdf unconfined compressive strength behavior of soil stabilized. The method of soil reinforcement with the application of geosynthetics as the reinforcement is taken into. The highest result was obtained for mixture of black cotton soil and optimum dosage of ggbs with 0. It has been observed that the liquid limit decreased from 21%to 17% with the addition of quarry dust and granite waste from 0% to 20%. The changes in unconfined compressive strength of clayey soilsoptimum granite stone slurry dust composite with curing. Cbr values of black cotton soil treated with 4 layers of fish net fibers have increased the value by 8.
Technical note unconfined strength of compacted black. Unconfined compressive test results for black cotton soil treated with optimum fiber content and varying percentage of cement content at zero days curing. Strength properties of bioenzyme treated black cotton soil. Unconfined compression tests were conducted on a straincontrolled triaxial testing frame at a strain rate of 1%min without application of the cell pressure. Need and scope of the experiment iitk indian institute of. Reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength of black. Thus sea shells powder can be used as a firm up agent. Standard test method for unconfined compressive strength of.
The various tests such as liquid limit, plastic limit, differential free swell, unconfined compressive strength. Pdf reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength. An astm designation number identifies a unique version of an astm standard. Pdf unconfined compressive strength of clayey soils. Reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil stabilized with bagasse ash and cement kiln dust hamidu, h. Effect of fly ash on the unconfined compressive strength of black. Engineers often face the problem with soft soil like clay soil or black cotton soil which does not possess sufficient strength to carry imposed loads. Black cotton soil with 6% cement gives optimun value with respect to unconfined compressive strength. Comparative study of black cotton soil stabilization with rbi.
In the unconfined compression test, we assume that no pore water is lost from the. This study aims to show the changes in the properties of clayey soils in the presence of granite stone slurry dust and lime sludge collected from granite block sawing mill and sugar industry, respectively. Oct 11, 2016 black cotton soil is found in many states of india and is found to be problematic soil for construction. It is noted that only reactive fly ash can increase the unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil. Plasticity, compaction, and unconfined compressive strength qu 40 fig. The undrained shear strength s of the soil is equal. The study proved that the soil with plastic pieces have more strength than the plain soil. Black cotton soil which is a type of expansive soil, has the property of swelling excessively when wet and shrinks highly when exposed to dry conditions.
Clayey soils in this study refer to black cotton soil and red earth. The unconfined compressive strength and cbr values increased addition of sisal fiber to mixture of black cotton soil and optimum dosage of ggbs. Hdpe plastic, black cotton soil, unconfined compressive strength, shear test. Reliability estimate of unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil stabilized with cement and quarry dust john engbonye sani, dayo oluwatoyin akanbi, godwin lazhi yisa and hadiza ibrahim hamidu 194 es. Fsi indicates potential of expansiveness of soil which is not desirable for soil treated with sodium silicate and pose limitation of sodium silicate to be used as stabilizer for black cotton soil. This section contains description of the materials used in the investigation and the experiments carried out for the determination of the unconfined compressive strength of cement stabilized brown earth, black cotton soil and red earth under different water and cement contents and curing periods.
Effect of hdpe plastic on the unconfined compressive. Normally it has very high dry strength and very low wet strength. The unconfined compressive strength and cbr values increased with curing period. Effect of compactive effort on strength characteristics of. D2216 test methods for laboratory determination of water moisture content of soil and. The results obtained from the geotechnical tests conducted on black cotton soil treated with polymer stabilizer were analyzed. California bearing ratio, unconfined compressive strength and shear strength.
The california bearing ratio value from the cbr test, the obtained results are shown in. Stabilization of black cotton soil with bagasse ash. Mineralogical analysis shows the soils to be predominantly kaolinite and mont morillonite. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil. Prediction of unconfined compressive strength of soft grounds. Effect of fly ash on the unconfined compressive strength of. The various tests such as liquid limit, plastic limit, differential free swell, unconfined compressive strength, and california bearing ratio were performed on each sample. Study of geotechnical properties of black cotton soil contaminated. The present study is to determine the behavior of black cotton soil reinforced with sisal fibre and lime in a random manner. India consists of 3040% of black cotton soil of its total area, black cotton soil is widely spread in north karnataka, maharashtra, gujarat and madhya pradesh which has high clay content, low. Influence of fly ash, groundgranulated blast furnace slag and lime on unconfined compressive strength of black cotton soil.
The study focuses on effect of change of percentage fiber content on the properties of soil. Bearing ratio cbr test and unconfined compressive strength ucs test of the soil specimen were carried out in the laboratory. Undrained yielding of black cotton soil treated with. For the present research work the black cotton soil was collected from harihara, davanagere district. The effect of curing time on the strength development of soil mixtures was further demonstrated by a variation analysis of the unconfined compressive strength ucs at different curing durations represented in fig. Utilisation of industrial waste products with black cotton soil bcs in the improvement of its engineering properties has gained attention to the sustainability of the natural resources and cost efficiency. The study focuses on effect of change of percentage fiber content and curing period on the engineering properties of soil 2. The ucs at each curing time has been normalized by the ucs at 0 day curing.
Soil and foundation engineering ced 43 designator of legally binding document. Stabilization of black cotton soil using alkali activated. Unconfined compressive strength behavior of soil stabilized by various fiber. Black cotton soil is found in many states of india and is found to be problematic soil for construction. Figure 2 load deflection curve of black cotton soil mixed with optimum percentage of fly ash and different. Black cotton soil using bioenzyme and bagasse ash civil.
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